A hydrocoele is a collection of fluid around the testicle (testis), in the tunica vaginalis (the space surrounding the testis).
Hydrocoeles only occur in males.
Typically presents as a painless swelling of the scrotum.
Most hydrocoeles are congenital (ie. present at birth) - these are usually seen in boys aged 1-2 years of age. Most congenital hydrocoeles resolve by the end of the first year of life. Persistent congenital hydrocoele is readily corrected surgically.
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A standard part of testicular cancer care isn’t used in more than half of all patients who have the condition, researchers at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center have found.
Serum-based tumor markers, which are one indicator of the presence of cancer cells, are helpful in several aspects of the care of patients with testis cancer, including diagnosis, prognostication and surveillance for disease recurrence following treatment. Doctors typically rely on a series of three tumor markers with this type of cancer.
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According to the latest research exposure to environmental toxins can damage sperm and the resulting defects can be passed down for generations.
Scientists say tests on rats showed sperm damage caused by exposure to garden chemicals remained up to four generations later.
Their findings have led them to warn fathers who smoke and drink to be aware they are potentially not just damaging themselves, but also their heirs.
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